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TMUA 2017 · Paper 2 · Question 7 of 20

TMUA 2017 Paper 2 Question 7

Exponentials and logarithms — Exponential graphs · which forms are possible. Try it first; the answer and a full worked solution are below.

TMUA 2017 · Paper 2Exponentials and logarithmsExponential graphs · which forms are possible8 options

The original question includes a diagram: Two increasing exponential-shaped curves through the same point on the positive y-axis; the dashed one (y=f(x)) rises more steeply than the solid one (y=ax) for x>0 and lies below it for x<0.

The graphs of two functions are shown here:
  • y=ax is shown with a solid line, where a is a positive real number
  • y=f(x) is shown with a dashed line

Both curves are increasing and both tend to zero as x becomes large and negative. They cross close to the y-axis, and for x> 0 the dashed curve lies above the solid one, so f grows faster than ax.

Which of the following statements (1, 2, 3, 4) could be true?

1   f(x)=bx for some b>a
2   f(x)=bx for some b<a
3   f(x)=akx for some k> 1
4   f(x)=akx for some k< 1

  1. A1 only
  2. B2 only
  3. C3 only
  4. D4 only
  5. E1 and 3 only
  6. F1 and 4 only
  7. G2 and 3 only
  8. H2 and 4 only
Show the answer and worked solution
answer · E
  1. A1 only
  2. B2 only
  3. C3 only
  4. D4 only
  5. E1 and 3 only
  6. F1 and 4 only
  7. G2 and 3 only
  8. H2 and 4 only
The solid curve is increasing, so a> 1. The dashed curve is steeper, so if f(x)=bx then b>a, making 1 possible and 2 impossible. For the other two, rewrite akx=(ak)x: this is an exponential with base ak, and since a> 1, ak>a exactly when k> 1. So 3 gives the steeper curve and is possible, while 4 gives a shallower one and is not.