The function f(x) is increasing and f(0) = 0.
The positive constants a and b are such that a < b.
The area of the region enclosed by the curve y = f(x), the x-axis and the lines x = a and x = b is denoted by R.
The function g(x) is defined by g(x) = f(x) + 2f(b).
Which of the following is an expression for the area enclosed by the curve y = g(x), the x-axis and the lines x = a and x = b?
- AR + (b−a)f(b)
- BR + 2(b−a)f(b)
- CR + 2f(b) − f(a)
- DR + 2f(b)
- ER + (f(b))2
- FR + (f(b))2 − (f(a))2
- GR + 2(f(b) − f(a))f(b)
Show the answer and worked solution
answer · B
- AR + (b−a)f(b)
- BR + 2(b−a)f(b)
- CR + 2f(b) − f(a)
- DR + 2f(b)
- ER + (f(b))2
- FR + (f(b))2 − (f(a))2
- GR + 2(f(b) − f(a))f(b)
Because f is increasing with f(0) = 0 and a, b are positive, f is non-negative on the interval, so R = ∫ab f(x) dx with no sign complications. The number 2f(b) is a constant, so g is the graph of f raised by that fixed amount and the new area is ∫ab (f(x) + 2f(b))dx = R + 2f(b)(b−a). The extra piece is a rectangle of height 2f(b) and width b−a; forgetting the width is the tempting slip that gives option D.