Three real numbers x, y and z satisfy x > y > z > 1.
Which one of the following statements must be true?
- A2z+12x > 2x + 2z2y
- B2 > 3x + 3z3y
- C2× 5x5z > 5x + 5z5y
- D2 < 7x + 7z7y
Show the answer and worked solution
answer · C
- A2z+12x > 2x + 2z2y
- B2 > 3x + 3z3y
- C2× 5x5z > 5x + 5z5y
- D2 < 7x + 7z7y
Divide everything through so each side is a power of the base, and write u = x − y > 0 and v = y − z > 0. The right-hand side of every option is bu + b−v, which can be made close to 1 (take u tiny and v huge) or arbitrarily large (take u huge). That kills the three options that compare it with a fixed number 2 or with something bounded above by 2: A has left side 2⋅ 2z−x < 2, which fails when u is large; B fails when u is large; D fails when u is tiny and v is large. Option C reads 2⋅ 5u+v > 5u + 5−v, and it always holds because 5u+v > 5u and 5u+v > 1 > 5−v, so adding the two gives the result.