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TMUA 2019 · Paper 2 · Question 5 of 20

TMUA 2019 Paper 2 Question 5

Number and divisibility — Divisibility · necessary and sufficient. Try it first; the answer and a full worked solution are below.

TMUA 2019 · Paper 2Number and divisibilityDivisibility · necessary and sufficient4 options
Consider the following statement about the positive integers a, b and n:

(×):  ab is divisible by n

The condition 'either a or b is divisible by n' is:

  1. Anecessary but not sufficient for (×)
  2. Bsufficient but not necessary for (×)
  3. Cnecessary and sufficient for (×)
  4. Dnot necessary and not sufficient for (×)
Show the answer and worked solution
answer · B
  1. Anecessary but not sufficient for (×)
  2. Bsufficient but not necessary for (×)
  3. Cnecessary and sufficient for (×)
  4. Dnot necessary and not sufficient for (×)
Sufficiency is immediate: if n divides a, then a=kn and ab=knb, so n divides ab; the same works if n divides b. It is not necessary, because n can be built out of factors split between a and b. Take a= 2, b= 3, n= 6: then ab= 6 is divisible by 6, yet neither 2 nor 3 is. (The condition would be necessary if n were prime, which is exactly what the question does not say.)