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TMUA 2016 · Paper 2 · Question 16 of 20

TMUA 2016 Paper 2 Question 16

Coordinate geometry — Trapezium · the line through the intersection of the diagonals. Try it first; the answer and a full worked solution are below.

TMUA 2016 · Paper 2Coordinate geometryTrapezium · the line through the intersection of the diagonals5 options

The original question includes a diagram: A trapezium PQRS with the long parallel side PQ (12 cm) at the bottom and the short parallel side SR (3 cm) at the top; the diagonals PR and SQ cross at X, and a horizontal segment UT through X joins the two slanted sides.

In the figure, PQRS is a trapezium with PQ parallel to SR. The diagonals of the trapezium meet at X. U lies on SP and T lies on RQ such that UT is a line segment through X parallel to PQ.

The length of PQ is 12 cm and the length of SR is 3 cm.

What, in centimetres, is the length of UT?

  1. A4.2
  2. B4.5
  3. C4.8
  4. D5.25
  5. E6
Show the answer and worked solution
answer · C
  1. A4.2
  2. B4.5
  3. C4.8
  4. D5.25
  5. E6
Start with the diagonals. Triangles XSR and XQP are similar with ratio SR:PQ= 3 : 12 = 1 : 4, so SX:XQ= 1 : 4 and X lies one fifth of the way along SQ. Now look at triangle SPQ: UX is parallel to PQ with SU:SP=SX:SQ= 1 : 5, so UX=15× 12 = 2.4, and the same argument on triangle RPQ gives XT= 2.4. Hence UT= 4.8. Note this is the harmonic mean 2× 12× 312+3 of the parallel sides, not their average, which is why 7.5 is not on offer.